Hello, Welcome to icliniq.com. It looks like she is having progressive metastatic breast cancer, triple positive (ER+, HER2+). She received chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, and targeted therapy (Trastuzumab). She also underwent BCS (breast-conserving surgery), oophorectomy, and radiotherapy. Despite all this treatment, she progressed twice.
Hello, Welcome to icliniq.com. I can understand your concern. Colorectal cancer in your age group is considered uncommon. This cancer, occurring before the age of 50, may have some link with genetic mutation or inherited gene mutation. The stage of the cancer is unknown.
Hi, Welcome to icliniq.com. I understand your concern. Triple-negative breast cancers are less aggressive forms of breast cancer compared with other forms of breast cancer. When diagnosing breast cancer, pathologists test all breast tumors for three receptors (proteins) known to fuel breast cancer growth. If the cancer cells test negative for both estrogen (ER) and progesterone (PR) hormone receptors as well as human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), the diagnosis is referred to as triple-negative breast cancer.
Hello, Welcome to icliniq.com. I can understand your concern. HR (hormone receptor)-negative tumors, a type of breast cancer that does not have estrogen or progesterone receptors, are a bit more aggressive. However, they tend to respond well to chemotherapy. If these tumors are also HER2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2)-negative, they may benefit from adding immunotherapy, specifically Pembrolizumab, to chemotherapy.
Hello, Welcome to icliniq.com. It is called neoadjuvant chemotherapy. So with chemotherapy, the size of the tumor is reduced significantly to make breast tumor operable. She has completed four cycles every 21 days, and now they will start the second phase of weekly chemotherapy (a new drug) for 12 weeks as per international recommendations. After completion of the second phase, chemotherapy she will be restaged before surgery.
Hi, Welcome to icliniq.com. I can understand your concern. The treatment options for metastatic urothelial cancer include chemotherapy and immunotherapy. If the patient responds well to the treatment, then many patients can benefit from radical surgery. The prognosis depends upon the biopsy report (pathology and molecular tumor profile) and PET (positron emission tomography) scan reports.
Hello, Welcome to icliniq.com. I can understand your concern. There are several treatment options for metastatic breast cancer, and the choice depends on factors such as biopsy results and the tumor's molecular profile. Targeted therapies, such as anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) drugs, work well for some patients, while others may require immunotherapy, chemotherapy, or hormonal therapy. The tumor's aggressiveness is assessed using positron emission tomography (PET) scans, molecular testing, and pathology reports.
Hello,Welcome to icliniq.com.I read your query and can understand your concern.HER2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) is better than HER2-neu-positive breast cancers. As you mentioned, the stage is early, so it usually has an excellent prognosis. If a HER2 neu-negative breast cancer patient is hormone receptor-positive, then the prognosis is usually good, depending upon the stage.
Hello, Welcome to icliniq.com. I have seen the attachment (attachment removed to protect patient identity). It looks like a nasopharyngeal carcinoma (a head and neck tumor). But still, the staging workup is incomplete. So, you need to do a CT scan of the chest and an isotope bone scan or a PET/CT scan to complete the staging workup.
Hello, Welcome to icliniq.com. I understand your concern. Your mom should consider getting tested for the BRCA1 (breast cancer 1) and BRCA2 (breast cancer 2) genes. If the test is positive, you and other family members may need to undergo testing as well. Currently, there is no vaccine to prevent breast cancer, and Tamoxifen is not necessary for you at this point.
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