Pathology

A pathologist examines tissue biopsies, blood samples, and body fluids under microscopes and through molecular testing to diagnose cancers, infections, autoimmune diseases, and other conditions. Their reports guide treating physicians in selecting appropriate therapies.

You may need a pathology consultation when seeking a second opinion on a biopsy result, when a diagnosis is unclear, when cancer staging needs verification, or when molecular testing is required to determine targeted therapy options.

A biopsy removes a small piece of tissue for microscopic examination to diagnose conditions like cancer. Cytology examines individual cells from body fluids or surface scrapes, such as a Pap smear, to detect abnormalities without tissue removal.

Routine biopsy results typically take three to five business days. Complex cases requiring special stains, immunohistochemistry, or molecular testing may take seven to fourteen days. Urgent frozen section results during surgery are available within minutes.

Yes, many pathologists offer online second opinions by reviewing digitized slides and reports. This is particularly valuable for cancer diagnoses, unusual findings, or when treatment decisions depend on precise pathological classification.