"Cystourethroscopy or cystoscopy is a surgical procedure done to examine the inside of the bladder and urethra using a thin, lighted tube (cystoscope). This test is done to check for cancer of the bladder or urethra, diagnose the cause of blood in the urine, diagnose the cause of problems passing urine, and determine the cause of pain during urination. "
Hi, Welcome to icliniq.com. Your father has urethral carcinoma for which surgery is the best modality of treatment. He will need complete removal of the urethra and bladder, if necessary.
Hi, Welcome to icliniq.com. Bilateral reflux disease can present to variable degrees and cause recurrent UTI (urinary tract infection), fever, sepsis, and renal scarring.
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