Does HMPV infection cause asthma flare-ups?

Question

Hello doctor,

My 7-year-old son, who has mild asthma, was diagnosed with human metapneumovirus (HMPV) a few days ago. At first, he just had a cough and a mild fever, but now his breathing has become harder, and he is using his inhaler more than usual. We took him to urgent care, where they said his lungs sounded clear and that it was just a viral infection, but he still seemed to be struggling. His oxygen levels were at 96 percent, and they prescribed steroids, but he is still wheezing at night, and the coughing fits are keeping him awake. Could this virus trigger a more serious asthma flare-up? How long should we expect these symptoms to last? Also, is there a risk of a secondary bacterial infection, and should we be watching for signs of pneumonia? We are really worried because his asthma has never been this bad before.

Kindly help.

Answer 1

Hello,

Welcome to icliniq.com.

I understand your concern.

Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) and asthma

HMPV can make asthma symptoms worse, especially in children. The virus can cause inflammation in the airways, leading to more wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath.

Risk of secondary bacterial infection

There is a chance of developing a secondary bacterial infection, like pneumonia, especially if your son’s symptoms get worse or do not improve with treatment. Watch for signs of pneumonia, such as:

High fever.
Faster breathing.
Chest pain or tightness.
Coughing up yellow or green mucus.

How long symptoms may last

HMPV symptoms can last for a long time, but most children recover within seven to ten days. However, asthma symptoms can continue for weeks after the virus.

Managing and monitoring

Continue steroids: Make sure your son finishes the prescribed steroid treatment to reduce inflammation in his airways.
Inhaler use: Have your son use his inhaler as prescribed, and ask the doctor if the frequency or dosage needs to be increased.
Monitor oxygen levels: Keep an eye on your son’s oxygen levels, especially if he is having more trouble breathing.
Watch for worsening symptoms: Get immediate medical help if his symptoms get worse, such as more wheezing or coughing, trouble breathing, chest pain or tightness, and fever higher than 104°F (40°C).
Follow-up appointments: Schedule follow-up visits with your son’s doctor to track his recovery and adjust treatment if needed.

I hope you are satisfied with my answer. For further queries, you can consult me at iCliniq.

Thank you.