How to reduce the risk of getting meningococcal infection?

Question

Hi doctor,

Recently, there have been cases of meningococcal disease reported in my community, and I am concerned about the risk of contracting the infection. I have heard that meningococcal disease is caused by the bacteria Neisseria Meningitis, which can lead to meningitis and other serious health complications. I am interested in learning more about the symptoms of meningococcal disease and how to prevent it, particularly through vaccination. Additionally, I am curious about the effectiveness and potential side effects of meningococcal vaccines and whether they provide long-term protection against the disease. Please help.

Thank you.

Answer 1

Hi,

We will pay close attention to your worries and address all of your questions with utmost care.

Meningococcal meningitis is caused by the gram-negative diplococcus Neisseria meningitis. The symptoms include intense headache, fever, nausea, vomiting, photophobia (fear of light), and stiff neck. Laboratory examination of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) usually confirms the presence of meningitis. Prophylaxis includes:

1. Meningococcal groups A, B, C, W, and Y (Penbraya vaccine).

2. Meningococcal conjugate or MenACWY vaccine (Menactra, Menveo, MenQuadfi).

3. Meningococcal group B vaccine (Bexsero, Trumenba).

Advise any household contacts and close respiratory contacts that chemoprophylaxis (administration of a medication for the purpose of preventing the infection) agents are available to eliminate the carrier state, and prevent the spread of infection.

The side effects of the vaccine can include swelling, redness, and pain at the site of the injection, along with headache, fever, or tiredness. Serious problems, such as allergic reactions, are rare. The meningococcal vaccines contain only a small piece of the germ, so it can not cause meningococcal disease.

I hope that you get your answer.

Please let me know if you want some help later.

Thank you.