What precautions should be followed in the case of a Nipah virus infection?

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Nipah is a bat-borne, zoonotic virus that causes a Nipah viral infection in humans and other animals. This disease is considered one of those with a very high mortality rate. Numerous disease outbreaks caused by the Nipah virus have occurred in Southeast Africa and Southeast Asia. Infection with the Nipah virus (NiV) can cause mild to severe disease, including swelling of the brain (encephalitis), potentially leading to death. The symptoms typically appear within four to fourteen days following exposure to the virus. Here, the treatment is limited to supportive care, including rest, hydration, and treatment based on the symptoms. However, there are immunotherapeutic treatments (monoclonal antibody therapies) that are currently under development and evaluation for the treatment of NiV infections.

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