How to prevent pneumococcal disease in a 52-year-old smoker?

Question

Hi doctor,

I am a male aged 52 years, and I have been smoking for many years. I use two cigarettes daily. I have a mild cough, too. I went through an article on pneumococcal disease, and now I am worried what if I get affected.

What protocols can be followed to prevent pneumococcal disease?
What are the characteristic signs of that infection?
Should I quit smoking?
Am I at risk?
What else can I do to keep my lungs healthy?

I am totally terrified right now, so please give me your suggestions and advice on this.

Thank you.

Answer 1

Hi,

Welcome to Icliniq.com.

I read your query and can understand your concern.

Pneumococcal disease is an infection caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria. It is contagious and may cause severe illness, so early diagnosis and treatment are important. Its presentation can be sinusitis, pneumonia, and meningitis. Patients with sinusitis can present with a running nose and nasal congestion. Patients with pneumonia can present with fever, cough, shortness of breath, and wheezing. Patients with meningitis can present with headaches, fever, and seizures.

Patients who are at increased risk include:

1. Patients with cochlear implants.

2. Patients with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak.

3. Patients with diabetes.

4. Patients with kidney disorders. History of splenectomy.

5. Immunocompromised conditions like HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) / post organ transplantation.

6. Elderly people.

7. Chronic alcoholics and smokers.

8. Known asthmatics.

You can have pneumonia from spit if you have the above immunocompromising conditions (since you have asthma) and more so if the person whom you were in contact with had a pneumococcal infection.

If such symptoms are present, an urgent pulmonologist consultation should be taken either virtually or physically so that a proper diagnosis can be established. Pneumococcal vaccine is advised for children and all individuals who are above 65 years of age, irrespective of their health status. It is quite effective in preventing the occurrence of pneumonia due to streptococcus pneumonia.

Vaccination schedules vary between children and adults, and they shall be followed as per the national policy. It is recommended for children and the elderly and must be taken by all such individuals. This vaccine is quite safe, and only mild side effects like fever and local site pain can occur.

Getting vaccinated is a proactive step to safeguard your health as you age. It is always a good idea to discuss any concerns or questions with your healthcare provider to ensure you are following the best plan for your health needs. If you have not already, consider scheduling your vaccination soon.

Measures for the prevention of pneumonia in general include:

1. Regular vaccination should be given two to four weeks after recovery from pneumonia, including COVID-19, pneumococcal, and influenza vaccinations, if not taken already.

2. Maintain an active and healthy lifestyle.

3. Ensure the consumption of a balanced and nutritious diet.

4. Definitely, you should quit smoking. Not only does smoking increase the risk of pneumonia, but it is also responsible for various other respiratory ailments, including lung cancer.

I hope I have answered your query.

Let me know if I can assist you further.

Thank you.