How quickly does dry AMD progress in an elderly male?

Question

Hello Doctor,

I am a 68-year-old male, experiencing reading difficulties and trouble adjusting between light and dark environments. During my recent ophthalmology appointment, the doctor mentioned I have intermediate dry AMD (Age-related macular degeneration), but did not explain what that means in terms of progression or timeline. The doctor gave me a prescription for AREDS (Age-related eye disease study) vitamins and an Amsler grid, but offered minimal explanation.

I am still able to drive, though night driving is becoming increasingly uncomfortable. How quickly does dry AMD usually progress? I am also confused about the difference between dry and wet AMD. Which one is considered more serious? What practical changes can I make at home to help with daily activities? Should I already be looking into vision rehabilitation, or is it too early for that? I am particularly concerned because my mother was legally blind from AMD by age 75. I want to better understand which preventive measures are truly effective, as opposed to just being supplement industry hype.

Kindly advise.

Answer 1

Hello,Welcome to icliniq.com.

I understand your concern.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is an eye disease that can blur central vision. It occurs when aging leads to damage to the macula, the part of the eye responsible for sharp, straight-ahead vision. If diagnosed with intermediate AMD in one or both eyes, certain dietary supplements containing specific vitamins and minerals may help slow its progression and reduce the risk of developing late-stage AMD.

Most people diagnosed with AMD have the dry form (also known as atrophic AMD). This condition is characterized by the gradual thinning of the macula as a result of aging. Dry AMD typically develops in three stages: early, intermediate, and late. It usually progresses slowly over several years. Although there is currently no treatment for late-stage dry AMD, strategies are available to help individuals make the most of their remaining vision. Additionally, if late dry AMD is present in only one eye, steps can be taken to protect the other eye and delay further progression.

Wet AMD (also called advanced neovascular AMD) is a less common but more severe form of late-stage AMD. It tends to cause rapid vision loss. Any stage of dry AMD can develop into wet AMD, but wet AMD is always considered a late-stage condition. This form occurs when abnormal blood vessels grow under the retina and damage the macula.

Fortunately, treatment options are available for wet AMD. These include medications known as anti-VEGF (anti-vascular endothelial growth factor) (Aflibercept) drugs, which are injected directly into the eye to slow the growth of abnormal blood vessels and reduce leakage. Another treatment is photodynamic therapy (PDT), which combines a light-sensitive drug with laser treatment to target and seal off abnormal blood vessels.

I hope you are satisfied with my answer. For further queries, you can consult me at iCliniq.

Thank you.