How to manage non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis?

Question

Hi doctor,

My father-in-law was recently diagnosed with non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis, which came as a shock since there is no family history of this condition. He has been experiencing persistent lower back pain and stiffness, especially in the mornings.

His doctor conducted several tests, including blood work that showed elevated inflammatory markers like CRP and ESR, and an MRI revealed inflammation in his sacroiliac joints, though there is no visible joint damage on X-rays.

Could you explain how this condition might develop in someone without a family history? What are the treatment options available, and is this something he will have to manage for the rest of his life? How can we support him at best through this journey?

Kindly help.

Answer 1

Hi,

Welcome to icliniq.com.

I can understand your concern.

Ankylosing spondylitis, also known as axial spondyloarthritis, is an inflammatory disease that, over time, can cause some of the bones in the spine, called vertebrae, to fuse. This fusing makes the spine less flexible and can result in a hunched posture. If ribs are affected, it can be difficult to breathe deeply.

As ankylosing spondylitis worsens, new bone forms as part of the body's attempt to heal. The new bone gradually bridges the gaps between vertebrae and eventually fuses sections of vertebrae together. Fused vertebrae can flatten the natural curves of the spine, which causes an inflexible, hunched posture.

Axial spondyloarthritis has two types. When the condition is found on X-ray, it is called ankylosing spondylitis, also known as axial spondyloarthritis. When the condition cannot be seen on X-ray but is found based on symptoms, blood tests, and other imaging tests, it is called non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis.

Symptoms typically begin in early adulthood. Inflammation also can occur in other parts of the body most commonly, the eyes. There is no cure for ankylosing spondylitis, but treatments can lessen symptoms and possibly slow the progression of the disease.

Hope I have solved your query. I will be happy to help you further.

Thank you.