I am 58. Does family history increase prostate cancer risk?

Question

Hi doctor,

I'm a 58-year-old male with a family history of prostate cancer, and my father was diagnosed at age 65. I've generally been in good health, but lately, I've noticed some mild pelvic discomfort and occasional difficulty maintaining an erection.

I'm wondering if these could be early signs of prostate issues, possibly even prostate cancer, given my family history.

Does having a first-degree relative with prostate cancer increase my risk?
Would you recommend any screening tests at this point, even though my symptoms aren't severe?

Thank you

Answer 1

Hi,

Welcome to icliniq.com.

I read your query and can understand your concern.

Prostate cancer occurs when abnormal cells in the prostate gland begin to grow uncontrollably. While not all abnormal growths are cancerous, a family history, especially involving a first-degree relative like your father, does increase the risk.

Some growths, like benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), are non-cancerous. Though BPH can cause urinary symptoms, it does not spread and is not life-threatening. In contrast, prostate cancer can spread to nearby tissues or other organs if not treated and may return even after removal.

Here are some common treatment options:

Active surveillance:

Recommended for slow-growing, early-stage cancers.
Involves routine monitoring through PSA blood tests, biopsies, and sometimes MRI scans.
Allows many men to avoid or delay side effects from treatment while maintaining quality of life.
If cancer progresses, definitive therapy like surgery or radiation may be pursued.

Watchful waiting:

Less intensive than active surveillance - fewer follow-ups and tests.
Often used in older men or those with other health conditions.
Carries a risk of the cancer progressing unnoticed between visits.

Surgery (radical prostatectomy):

Involves removing the prostate, seminal vesicles, and sometimes nearby lymph nodes.
Typically requires anesthesia and a hospital stay.
Risks include surgical and postoperative complications, but it’s often curative in early-stage disease.

Radiation therapy:

A non-surgical approach that uses targeted radiation to kill cancer cells.
Offers cure rates similar to surgery.
Like surgery, it can come with urinary, bowel, or sexual side effects.

The choice between these options depends on your age, overall health, cancer stage, and personal preferences. Your urologist or oncologist will help guide the decision-making process.

Please make sure to follow your doctor’s recommendations and attend all follow-up appointments. Early detection and personalized care greatly improve outcomes.

I hope this clarifies your questions. Please reach out again if you need further guidance or have additional concerns.

Thank you.