What are the complications of ankylosing spondylitis?

Question

Hello doctor,

I have been dealing with ankylosing spondylitis for the past two years and am currently taking Adalimumab and Meloxicam. However, despite following my treatment plan, my symptoms, particularly stiffness and pain did not seem to be fully under control. Could you help me understand why this might be the case? Are there any better options for managing this condition or adjustments I could consider? Additionally, could you provide information about the potential complications of ankylosing spondylitis and the steps I can take to prevent them?

Kindly advise.

Answer 1

Hello,

Welcome to icliniq.com.

Ankylosing spondylitis, also known as axial spondyloarthritis, is an inflammatory disease that can, over time, cause some of the bones in the spine, called vertebrae, to fuse. This fusion reduces the spine's flexibility and can lead to a hunched posture. If the ribs are affected, it may become difficult to breathe deeply. As ankylosing spondylitis progresses, new bone forms as part of the body’s attempt to heal. This new bone gradually bridges the gaps between vertebrae, eventually fusing sections of vertebrae together. Fused vertebrae can flatten the natural curves of the spine, resulting in an inflexible, hunched posture.

Axial spondyloarthritis has two types:

When the condition is visible on an X-ray, it is called ankylosing spondylitis.
When the condition can not be seen on an X-ray but is diagnosed based on symptoms, blood tests, and other imaging tests, it is called nonradiographic axial spondyloarthritis.

Symptoms typically begin in early adulthood. Inflammation can also occur in other parts of the body, most commonly in the eyes. The exact cause of ankylosing spondylitis is unknown, though genetic factors appear to play a role. In particular, people with the HLA-B27 (human leukocyte antigen B27) gene are at a significantly higher risk of developing ankylosing spondylitis. However, not everyone with the gene develops the condition.

There is currently no cure for ankylosing spondylitis, but treatments can help reduce symptoms and may slow the progression of the disease. Yoga and mild to moderate stretching exercises can be beneficial. The Siddha system, an ancient system of medicine from India, also offers some exclusive internal and external treatments for this condition.

I hope this helps you.

Thank you.