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What are the chances of pregnancy after taking an emergency contraceptive pill?

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The following is an actual conversation between an iCliniq user and a doctor that has been reviewed and published as a Premium Q&A.

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Published At March 16, 2024
Reviewed AtMarch 16, 2024

Patient's Query

Hello doctor,

I am 22 years old, and my girlfriend is 20. We engaged in sexual activity, during which I wore silk pants, while she was unclothed. Although unsure if any sperm were transferred during intercourse, as a precaution, I provided her with an emergency contraceptive pill within 24 hours of the sexual encounter (specifically, in the 21st hour afterward). Could she still become pregnant, or is there a risk of pregnancy?

Please help.

Thank you.

Answered by Dr. Balakrishnan R

Hello,

Welcome to icliniq.com.

I understand your concern.

The emergency contraceptive pill is a high dose of the hormone progesterone, which is naturally produced in the body during the second half of the menstrual cycle after ovulation. This pill works by rapidly increasing the thickness of the inner lining of the uterus, making it unfavorable for a possible pregnancy to implant. Since it is a single dose, it lacks the strength to sustain itself and is eventually shed, resulting in menstrual bleeding or withdrawal bleeding within seven to ten days.

Regardless of what clothing you were wearing, if semen or pre-seminal fluid (pre-cum) comes into contact with her genitals, thighs, or any nearby area, sperm can be attracted and swim toward the egg, potentially resulting in pregnancy. Now that she has taken the emergency contraceptive pill, the chances of pregnancy are low, but its effectiveness depends on the phase of her menstrual cycle when she took it. Most likely, she will experience bleeding within seven to ten days, which can serve as evidence against pregnancy. No blood tests or scans can definitively diagnose pregnancy immediately; you must wait for a week to 10 days for confirmation.

Hope I have clarified your queries, do write back if any more queries

Thanks for using icliniq, and have a nice day.

Patient's Query

Thank you for the reply doctor,

But she has not had her period for the last four months. This is actually her issue as she has been consulting with a homeopathic doctor for it. Is it necessary for withdrawal bleeding to occur? If it does not, then what should be done?

Please advise.

Answered by Dr. Balakrishnan R

Hello,

Welcome back to icliniq.com.

For a woman to have regular periods, it typically takes until she is around 19 to 21 years old. Therefore, the absence of periods is not a concern for this young girl. It is only around the age of 19 to 21 that her brain and ovary hormone axis mature enough to facilitate regular periods. There is no need for homeopathic remedies or medications for this. While having periods is not compulsory, it is a way to confirm she is not pregnant. I do not believe it is necessary, as she has already taken the emergency pill. She should expect her period within seven to ten days of taking the pill. Pregnancy can still occur without periods, so to alleviate any anxiety, she can consider hormone therapy to induce periods. These hormones are identical to those naturally produced by the body every month in women and have no known side effects.

At times, hormone levels in her body at this young age may be insufficient to trigger periods. In such cases, what would one conclude? Pregnancy! This is why I recommend considering birth control pills or oral combined contraceptive pills (a packet of 21 pills). If she does not get her period even after seven to ten days of taking the emergency pill, perform a urine pregnancy test with an early morning sample. Once confirmed negative (only one line), she can take a packet of 21 pills – one tablet twice a day for 10 days (discard the 21st and inactive pills). Regardless of the cause (except in pregnancy), she will experience bleeding.

Hope I have clarified your query, do write back if any more queries

Thank you.

Patient's Query

Thank you for the reply doctor,

Today, we had sex again. However, this time, I used a condom, but it tore. So, I had no other option but to give her an emergency contraceptive pill. She took the pill within two hours of intercourse. She had already taken a pill two weeks ago, after which she experienced her period. Now, my question is, is there any chance of pregnancy? Will the pill be as effective this time since it is being taken twice a month?

Please help.

Answered by Dr. Balakrishnan R

Hello,

Welcome back to icliniq.com.

If she has had her period after taking the emergency contraceptive pill, then that cycle is over. This is a fresh cycle, so if she has taken the pill now, she will have her period after seven to ten days. The effectiveness of the pill is not reduced when taken in the next cycle. If taken in the same cycle, it disrupts the hormonal balance. However, in the next cycle, since it is a fresh start with new hormone levels, the effectiveness is the same as when first used. Do not worry, you will have full protection.

All the best.

Thank you.

Same symptoms don't mean you have the same problem. Consult a doctor now!

Dr. Balakrishnan R
Dr. Balakrishnan R

Obstetrics and Gynecology

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