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Q. What happens if infection spreads to jaw bone?

Answered by
Dr. Achanta Krishna Swaroop
and medically reviewed by iCliniq medical review team.
This is a premium question & answer published on Feb 09, 2023 and last reviewed on: Mar 03, 2023

Hi doctor,

My mother was admitted to the hospital with the added symptoms. She has been on antibiotics for a week. Also, a drain was placed in the face to get rid of the pus. The doctor had concerns about her air supply being compromised. This doctor is an ENT specialist, not an oral surgeon, and he is now saying that her jawbone must be removed due to infection.

Is this a normal treatment after a week of antibiotics?

Thank you.

#

Hi,

Welcome to icliniq.com.

I will be answering the query shortly.

Please check your follow-up messages.

Thank you.

Hi doctor,

Thank you for your answer.

I have attached some of the files associated with my mother's case. The ENT doctor wants to do the surgery later today. Our family will helpfully be able to speak with this doctor later today. He does not seem to want to speak with us, which concerns me greatly. However, I would like to have some questions for him. I am concerned that an oral surgeon was not called in or consulted in this case. For the infection control doctor advised that an oral surgeon should be consulted, but no one followed up. Please let me know your opinion. I know that debridement is necessary, but I am concerned that the ENT alone is not the proper doctor to call regarding the type of debridement. He advised today that an oral surgeon was unnecessary while speaking to my sister.

Thank you.

#

Hi,

Welcome back to icliniq.com.

Judging by the report produced (attachment removed for patient identity protection) by your doctor, it looks like a case of cervicofacial actinomyces in the lower mandible. And because they cannot examine intraorally, it is quite an issue.

But the infection cannot be ignored and needs surgical debridement if it is not responding to antibiotic therapy. So patients with actinomycosis, usually those who do not respond well to antibiotic therapy, have their degranulation and curettage performed with very conservative lesion resection. These procedures should be performed by an oral surgeon only and not an ENT (ear, nose, and throat) surgeon.

Does the ENT (ear, nose, and throat) surgeon have a qualified degree in oral surgery, or have jaw surgery procedures been performed exclusively by him?

Then you could go ahead, but this is a case that the maxillofacial surgeon should handle. Debridement and lesion resection meaning conservative removal of the infection should be done without interfering with any major anatomic structure of the lower jaw. Additionally, in the posterior lower jaw, the inferior alveolar nerve plays a crucial role in blood, nerve supply, and sensation. So this should be handled by an oral surgeon only as it is their forte.

In the report, they suspect actinomyces (attachment removed for patient identity protection). Have any other tests like biopsy been conducted of the jaw ?

Hi doctor,

Thank you for your answer.

The following is a report (attachment removed for patient identity protection) from the infection control doctor, who advised that a CT scan showed a destructive lesion in her left mandible with drainage. Blood culture with coagulase-negative staphylococci, which is a contaminant. The infection control doctor possibly orders a culture advising that Actinomyces cannot be ruled out. The results are pending. Surgery to place a drain in the infected site was done. The swelling in her jaw and neck area has decreased tremendously. Antibiotics have been started, but the doctor insists on doing a mandibulectomy without reconstruction. I am still determining the current antibiotic therapy effectiveness. He seems to be in a rush. I do not know if he has ever performed this type of surgery. The information on health grades and his practice website does not indicate he is a dentist or oral surgeon. There is no indication he has any training in those disciplines. I will upload the infection control doctor's report and send it to you. He already knows how much of the mandible needs to be removed.

The ENT advised that he was sending a sample off to be tested. However, he advised it did not visually appear to be cancer. I do not know because he has not mentioned the results.

He insisted that a mandibulectomy was necessary, the night he placed the drain into the jaw. Unfortunately, this appears to be the only option.

Thank you.

#

Hi,

Welcome back to icliniq.com.

I will study this report (attachment removed for patient identity protection) and send you my answer shortly.

Do not worry.

I will try my best to give you my advice.

Thank you.

Hi doctor,

Thank you for your answer.

I have included several reports from the infection control doctor, the ENT, the physician, and other individuals and doctors who are providing care.

Thank you.

#

Hi,

Welcome back to icliniq.com.

Fine, I will get back to you soon.

Thank you.

Hi doctor,

I have attached the file.

Thank you.

#

Hi,

Welcome back to icliniq.com.

I am going through every report (attachment removed for patient identity protection) you have enclosed. It is a tentative case of osteomyelitis of the mandible with suspected actinomyces infection. Till the culture report comes, you cannot take any decision regarding the drainage or resection of the mandibular lesion.

Thank you.

Hi doctor,

Thank you for your answer.

Some more files are attached.

Thank you.

#

Hi,

Welcome back to icliniq.com.

I suggest you keep on continuing the antibiotic prophylaxis. Also, the report (attachment removed for patient identity protection) mentioned that a physical evaluation by an oral surgeon is needed.

Can you see that line in the first and second reports?

So only they can perform the debridement either way. The additional surgical procedure will depend on clinical evaluation by the oral surgeon.

This is a clear case of mandibular infection in a hospital setting that needs treating by antibiotic therapy and debridement with resection. If the lesion is extensively involved, facial reconstruction should be done.

You can send the culture reports once they come. Do not be in a rush; surgery should be done only by the oral and maxillofacial surgeon for this, not by the ENT (ear, nose, and throat) surgeon.

I suggest you ask for an in-hospital oral surgical procedure instead of relying on the ENT (ear, nose, and throat) specialist.

This case, in my opinion, clearly needs a physical oral evaluation of the mandible by the surgeon because they are the ones who will be debriding and resecting. So the decision has also been mentioned in your report similarly, which the ENT (ear, nose, and throat) specialist cannot contradict.

Thank you.

Hi doctor,

Thank you for your answer.

The ENT has already placed a drain into the infected area. She is currently intubated to keep her airway open due to throat swelling. ENT wants to place a trachea and do surgery. He makes it sound as if we have no opinion. He advised he would do a segmental or total removal of the mandible. I am terrified, and my mom is nervous.

He wants to do surgery today.

She was referred to an oral surgeon, but she went to the hospital when her face swelled up with pus.

Do you think the antibiotic protocol is sufficient until oral surgery is called in?

Also, the oral surgeon with whom she has an appointment seems to be a staff or board member in this hospital.

Should I be asked that he be called in?

The ENT plans to do reconstruction.

I will forward the culture reports once received.

Thank you.

#

Hi,

Welcome back to icliniq.com.

Yes, it is pivotal that he be called in and wait for this procedure. Then, she can manage the infection with antibiotic therapy. Please forward the culture reports when they arrive.

Thank you.


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