How to manage the progression of multiple sclerosis?

Question

Hello doctor,

A close friend of mine in her early 30s was recently diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS) after dealing with numbness in her leg and blurry vision for a few weeks. We are all trying to be supportive, but it is a bit scary because we do not fully understand what MS means for her future. The neurologist mentioned starting her on disease-modifying therapy, but she is nervous about possible side effects. She’s also worried about whether she can continue working full-time. Can you explain how MS typically progresses and what things can help her manage it well? Are there lifestyle changes that matter?

Kindly help.

Answer 1

Hello,

Welcome to icliniq.com.

I read your query and can understand your concern.

Many people with multiple sclerosis (MS) initially experience periods of symptom flare-ups (relapses) followed by periods of remission where symptoms improve or disappear. Over time, some individuals with relapsing-remitting MS can transition to secondary progressive MS (SPMS).

In SPMS, symptoms gradually worsen, often with or without periods of remission. The rate of progression varies among individuals.

In primary progressive MS, symptoms worsen gradually from the beginning without periods of remission or relapse.

While both active MS (relapses) and progression (worsening disability) can occur, progression refers specifically to the worsening of disability over time, while activity can include relapses or new inflammation.

MS progression involves neurodegeneration, where neurons in the brain and spinal cord lose structure and function, ultimately leading to nerve damage.

Inflammation in the central nervous system is also a key factor in MS progression, as the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissue.

The central nervous system's ability to repair damage or function normally despite damage (tolerate it) can be overwhelmed as MS progresses.

How to manage the progression of MS:

While effective in reducing relapse disease disease-modifying therapy is less effective at preventing progression and overall disability prevention.
Strategies to manage MS symptoms, such as physical therapy, medication, and lifestyle adjustments, can help improve quality of life.
Access to support groups, therapists, and other resources can help individuals cope with the challenges of MS.

For some people, MS only has a small impact on daily life, which means you can continue with your work and usual activities. Others have more severe symptoms, which can have a much bigger impact.

Multiple sclerosis, adopting a healthy lifestyle can significantly impact their well-being and potentially slow disease progression. This includes maintaining a balanced diet, engaging in regular exercise, prioritizing sleep, managing stress, and avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol consumption. Other important lifestyle modifications that your friend can include are staying hydrated, seeking professional help for mental health, and utilizing assistive devices or home modifications to manage symptoms.

I hope this information helps you.

Feel free to ask further queries.

Thank you.