How Does COVID Act?
The common symptoms of COVID-19 are severe cough, fever, headache. The major symptom is breathlessness. This happens due to lack of oxygen from impaired respiration or blood circulation. Therefore maintaining the maximum level of blood-oxygen is highly required. Thus clinicians started opting for better therapies such as nanobubbles.
What Are Nanobubbles?
Nanobubbles are nanoscopic gaseous cavities in aqueous solutions that can change the general character of water. The size of nanobubbles varies from 70-120 nanometers, which is 2500 times tinier than a single grain of salt. It can be formed using any gas and injected into any form of liquid. As they are tiny in size, nanobubbles manifest its distinctive properties that refine in numerous physical, chemical and biological processes. While conventional aeration technologies could achieve less than 3 % oxygen transfer efficiency at standard conditions (SOTE) per foot of water. Moleaer’s nanobubble technology could achieve more than 85 % SOTE in just 2 feet of water, which was confirmed by third-party testing. This dramatically increases the dissolved oxygen (DO) levels using relatively far less oxygen.
How Do These Nanobubbles Work?
The formation of nanobubbles is accomplished by a one step reaction. Nanobubbles are hydrophobic. They repel water particles to the surface. These particles act as generating hubs for the nanobubbles. Therefore they give in negatively charged nanoparticles which lowers the zeta potential of these particles. These particles gradually head to the surface with the gas encapsulated within the bubble.
How Are Nanobubbles Produced?
The nanobubble generator creates a dispersion of paramagnetic oxygen nanobubbles. The presence of the nanobubbles gives the water highly functional properties not found in "normal" water. This treated water has different behavioral characteristics that significantly improve infiltration properties, solubility, detergency, lubricity, rinsing, and particularly, in sanitation processes, increasing the capacity or efficacy of all disinfection solutions produced using this water. The water makes the solubilization of polysaccharide O-matrices like those found in biofilms. Using this treated water removes existing biofilms during repeated applications, and it ensures that no new biofilms form and mitigates further microbial growth.
What Are the Characteristics of These Bubbles?
Bubbles grow or shrink by diffusion-based. And the surrounding solution is over or under-saturated with gas compared to the cavity pressure. Hence, the solubility of gas is associated with the gas pressure, and this pressure is exerted on the surface tension into the bubble's diameter. The normal tendency is for bubbles to shrink in size and then dissolve in a few seconds. But nanobubbles are seen in water for days.
The stability of nanobubbles is thought to be a balance of the van der Waals force of attraction and the electric double-layer force of repulsion between neighboring nanobubbles, with additional contributions from the virtual disappearance of buoyant force, bridging nanobubbles, entropic restriction, and fluid structuring.
The longevity factor of nanobubbles in water increases the residence time of oxygen in the water and, in doing so, directly impacts any aerobic or anaerobic interaction with viruses and bacteria.
How Does Nanobubble Therapy Work for COVID Patients?
Increasing application of nanobubbles (NBs) small gaseous vesicles for the oxygenation of hypoxic patients. Oxygen-containing NBs have a range of beneficial physiologic and pharmacologic effects that includes tissue oxygenation, tissue repair, anti-inflammatory properties, and antibacterial activity. The multimodal functions of oxygen-carrying NBs, including antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, drug-carrying, and the promotion of wound healing, are discussed, including the benefits and challenges of using NBs as a treatment for patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure, mainly due to COVID-19.
The oxygen concentration in a nanobubble solution is almost 2 to 6 times higher than the average solubility of the oxygen in water, which makes it possible to deliver oxygen in a way through the oxygen nanobubble intravenous infusion for direct control of blood oxygen saturation pressure levels (SPO2) through the cardiovascular system. This blood oxygen infusion injection is much simpler.
Pulse oximeter readings for blood oxygen saturation could determine the correct and optimized IV delivery rate. Thus, we propose an innovation utilizing the intravenous injection with nanobubble technology, which maintains good blood oxygen pressure at normal levels safely and efficiently without ventilators.
Increasing SPO2 by IV injection raises the issue of the removal of carbon dioxide from patients, another vital function of the lungs. This means that for some extremely serious cases where patients lose lung function, inducing IV oxygen nanobubble treatment has to be carefully monitored as there may be an increased risk of carbon dioxide in the blood. During hospitalization, providing high SPO2 in a low volume of IV liquid is required for COVID-19 patients. This lowers the lung damage and can give the patient a good time to recover.
How Is Nanobubble Therapy Better Than Ventilators?
COVID-19 is causing a significant impact on the world economy. Manufacturing large numbers of ventilators in a short period requires excellent investment by many countries whose economies and lives are already suffering under pressure. Saving critical COVID-19 patients' lives remains an exceptionally urgent task. Medical and clinical experts need to conduct in vivo models and clinical trials to use this IV method of maintaining blood oxygen saturation pressure through intravenous injection. By this, a lot of time and money can be saved to recover COVID-19 affected patients.
Conclusion:
Therefore, implementing nanobubbles for oxygen and IV is essential for treating a wide range of diseases, including COVID. This method will help the body gradually increase the oxygen saturation levels and give the patients recovery time for severe symptoms. It is more cost-friendly than ventilators and can be given to financially low societies to receive fair treatment.
