What are the management strategies that aid in smoking cessation?

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Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) offers various options such as patches, gum, lozenges, inhalers, and mouth sprays to provide nicotine and alleviate cravings during the smoking cessation process. Patches deliver a steady stream of nicotine through the skin and work best when used alongside other oral NRT. Gum and lozenges provide a quicker nicotine release to address cravings, with the 4 mg dose being more effective than the 2 mg. Inhalers and nasal sprays simulate the hand-to-mouth action of smoking. Combining NRT methods, like using a patch along with oral forms such as gum or lozenge, is more effective in quitting smoking than using only one type of NRT.

For optimal results, a combination of pharmacotherapy, such as NRT or varenicline, along with behavioral counseling, proves most effective in supporting smoking cessation. Varenicline, a non-nicotine pill, is particularly noteworthy for blocking nicotine receptors and reducing cravings, making it the most effective standalone medication for quitting smoking.

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