Blurred Vision in Pregnancy: A Detailed Review

Introduction

Hormonal disturbance that occurs during gestation or pregnancy can lead to blurred vision. Blurred vision can be worrying but is rarely permanent. Most people's vision returns to normal within a few weeks after giving birth. However, it is important to consult the doctor to determine whether the blurred vision may be due to gestational diabetes or preeclampsia.

What Is Blurred Vision During Pregnancy?

Blurred vision during pregnancy is a temporary change in the quality of vision. This happens due to the effects of hormonal changes in the eyes. Unexpected changes in vision can be worrying. But blurred vision is rarely a sign of a permanent eye problem.

When vision is blurred, objects may not seem as sharp as usual. Instead, the objects look hazy, like trying to see through fog. Some pregnant women also have red and uncomfortable eyes.

Blurred vision may occur:

• With or without corrective lenses.

• In one or both eyes.

• Only in part of the vision.

When Does Blurred Vision Appear During Pregnancy?

As hormonal changes begin in the first weeks of pregnancy, some people notice vision problems very early on. But blurred vision can happen at any time during pregnancy. Most people who experience blurred vision during pregnancy will return to normal vision within a few weeks after giving birth.

What Causes Blurred Vision During Pregnancy?

Women can experience blurred vision during pregnancy for many reasons. Blurred vision can be the result of:

• Reduced Tear Production: Pregnancy hormones often reduce tear production, leading to dry and uncomfortable eyes.

• Eye Pressure: Hormonal changes, meaning significantly increased estrogen amount, can lead to fluid retention in the eyes. This fluid buildup can change the shape of the eye and reduce vision.

• Weakened Immune System: Although a weakened immune system cannot change vision, comorbid conditions can. The immune response is intended to protect the baby, but this can make the mother more susceptible to illness, including eye infections.

• Reduced Peripheral Vision: Doctors are not sure exactly what causes peripheral vision loss during pregnancy, but many research studies have concluded that it may be another side effect of hormonal changes during pregnancy.

• Colored Eyelids: Melasma (a common skin problem caused by brown to gray-brown patches on the face) often occurs during pregnancy and can also affect the areas around the eyes. Although the above etiologies are generally not dangerous, pregnant women sometimes need to consider other health risks when experiencing blurred vision. Contact the doctor immediately if any of the following conditions are encountered and your vision changes.

• Preeclampsia: It is a serious but manageable complication that occurs around the 20th week or later of pregnancy. It is accompanied by symptoms of high blood pressure in women during pregnancy. Some women are devoid of signs and symptoms of this condition, but it can harm mother and baby if left untreated.

• Gestational Diabetes: This condition occurs in women who do not have diabetes before becoming pregnant. Many people have no symptoms, but those with symptoms should monitor their condition and sometimes take medication if diet and exercise are not enough. Although it usually goes away after giving birth, people having it during pregnancy should anticipate an elevated threat of developing type 2 diabetes later in life.

What Are the Symptoms of This Condition?

The symptoms that surfaced will depend on the etiology. For example, hormonal changes alone would not resemble a more severe illness. Morning sickness, which includes nausea, vomiting, and dizziness, may also accompany the symptoms. Many people with blurred vision also experience:

• Headache or migraine.

• Blurry or double-vision.

• Dryness, itching, or irritation.

• Eye infection.

These symptoms can be noticed as early as week 10, although many women experience them later. They usually disappear soon after birth, although they can persist for up to six weeks afterward. If blurred vision is experienced due to preeclampsia or gestational diabetes, watch out for other eye problems, including:

• Persistent double vision.

• Flashing lights.

• Sensitivity to light.

• Temporary loss of vision.

• Reduced vision.

• Spots or floaters that last more than two hours.

Is There a Treatment for Blurred Vision During Pregnancy?

There are very few treatments for blurred vision during pregnancy. For red, irritated eyes, lubricating drops can provide relief. In most cases, it is best to wait until the vision improves after giving birth.

Prevention:

Although blurred vision cannot be avoided, pregnant women can find other ways to reduce eye strain.

• Avoiding contact lenses will help reduce eye irritation, especially if blurred vision is due to dry eyes. Wear glasses or carry a pair of glasses until the vision returns to normal.

• Do eye exercises even if eye problems are absent. These exercises will keep the eye muscles strong and help the eyes focus.

• Rest improves many conditions, including blurred vision. Try to get enough sleep and rest during the day.

What Treatments Are Needed for Blurred Vision Caused by Gestational Diabetes?

In addition to taking good care of the eyes, control blood sugar by:

• Avoid processed foods, fatty meals, and sugary drinks.

• Adopt a healthy diet with appropriate amounts of protein, fat, and carbohydrates.

• Exercise helps the body use more glucose.

Why Is the Vision Blurry After Pregnancy?

In rare cases, vision remains blurred after pregnancy. If it has been more than nine months or if blurred vision is affecting daily activities, see an optometrist. A new prescription for corrective lenses might be required. Contact the healthcare professional as soon as changes in the vision are noticed.

Conclusion

Blurred vision during pregnancy is common, and there may not be much that can be done about it. For most people, normal vision returns within a few weeks after giving birth. Blurred vision can also signify complications during pregnancy that affect the health of the mother or that of your unborn baby. It is important to seek medical attention if there are any unexpected changes in vision during pregnancy. This can help protect long-term eye health.