Circumcision - Effects and Complications

Introduction

Circumcision is a surgical procedure that involves the removal of the foreskin that covers the head of the penis. The origin of circumcision is from ancient religious rites. It is mainly performed in males after one or two days of birth. The procedure is commonly performed on newborn males for religious, cultural, or medical reasons. However, some men may opt to undergo circumcision later in life for personal or medical reasons. In this article, we will explore the effects of circumcision later in life.

What Is Circumcision?

Circumcision is a surgical procedure in which the foreskin that covers the head of the penis is removed. The foreskin is a flap of skin that covers the glans penis and can be retracted to expose the head of the penis. Circumcision can be performed for cultural, religious, or medical reasons, and is usually done during infancy, but can also be done later in life. The procedure involves cutting off the foreskin and stitching or sealing the remaining skin to create a smooth surface. Circumcision is a common procedure in many countries around the world and is considered a low-risk procedure when performed by a trained healthcare professional.

How Is Circumcision Done?

The procedure is usually performed by a trained healthcare professional and can be done in a hospital, clinic, or doctor's office. The procedure typically takes between 30 minutes to an hour and is considered a low-risk procedure when performed by a trained healthcare professional. However, as with any surgery, there is a risk of complications, such as bleeding, infection, or damage to the penis. It is essential to choose a qualified healthcare provider who is experienced in performing circumcision.

Here are the general steps involved in a circumcision procedure:

• Preparation: The patient will be prepared for the procedure, which may involve cleaning the penis and administering anesthesia to reduce pain and discomfort during the procedure.

• Incision: Once the penis is numb, the healthcare professional will make a small incision around the base of the foreskin, separating it from the head of the penis. Removal of the foreskin: The healthcare professional will then remove the foreskin using a scalpel or circumcision clamp.

• Hemostasis: The healthcare professional will apply pressure to the area to stop any bleeding.

• Closing the Wound: The healthcare professional may use stitches, surgical glue, or a combination of both to close the wound and promote healing.

• Aftercare: The healthcare professional will provide instructions for post-operative care, including cleaning the area and avoiding sexual activity or strenuous activity for several weeks.

What Are the Effects of Circumcision Later in Life?

The following are the effects of circumcision later in life:

• Reduced Risk of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) - One of the primary benefits of circumcision is a reduced risk of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including HIV (human immunodeficiency virus). The foreskin is a breeding ground for bacteria and viruses, and its removal reduces the risk of contracting and spreading infections.

• Decreased Risk of Penile Cancer - Circumcision also reduces the risk of penile cancer, a rare but serious form of cancer that affects the penis. According to research, uncircumcised men are at a higher risk of developing penile cancer than circumcised men.

• Improved Genital Hygiene - Circumcision may also improve genital hygiene by making it easier to clean the penis. The foreskin can trap dirt, bacteria, and other substances, which can lead to infection and odor. With the foreskin removed, it is easier to maintain good genital hygiene.

• Reduced Risk of Phimosis and Paraphimosis - Phimosis is a condition where the foreskin is too tight and cannot be retracted over the head of the penis. Paraphimosis is a condition where the foreskin is retracted and cannot be returned to its original position. Both of these conditions can be painful and may require medical attention. Circumcision can reduce the risk of these conditions occurring.

• Increased Risk of Complications - While circumcision is generally considered a safe procedure, there is a risk of complications, especially in older men. Complications can include bleeding, infection, and damage to the penis. It is essential to choose a qualified healthcare provider who is experienced in performing adult circumcision.

• Changes In Sexual Sensation - Circumcision can result in changes in sexual sensation. Some men report decreased sensitivity in the penis after circumcision, while others report increased sensitivity. However, research on the topic is mixed, and there is no consensus on whether circumcision affects sexual sensation.

• Emotional and Psychological Effects - Circumcision can also have emotional and psychological effects, especially in older men. For some, the loss of the foreskin can be a source of sadness or regret. In some cases, circumcision can be traumatic, especially if the procedure is performed without adequate pain management.

What Are the Complications of Circumcisions?

As with any surgical procedure, circumcision can have complications. While complications are relatively rare, they can occur. Some of the possible complications of circumcision include:

• Bleeding: Some bleeding is normal after circumcision, but excessive bleeding can occur in some cases, which may require medical attention.

• Infection: Infection is a risk with any surgical procedure. Signs of infection can include redness, swelling, and pus.

• Pain and discomfort: Pain and discomfort are common after circumcision, but they can be managed with medication.

• Meatal stenosis: Meatal stenosis is a condition that can occur in some circumcised men where the opening of the urethra narrows, making it difficult to urinate.

• Skin bridges: In some cases, a small bridge of skin may form between the shaft and the head of the penis.

• Reduced sensitivity: Circumcision can result in reduced sensitivity in the penis, but the extent of this effect is debated and varies from person to person.

• Psychological effects: Circumcision can have psychological effects, especially if the procedure is traumatic, or if the patient experiences regret or sadness over the loss of the foreskin.

Conclusion

Circumcision later in life has its benefits and risks. While it may reduce the risk of STIs and penile cancer, improve genital hygiene, and reduce the risk of certain conditions, it can also result in complications and changes in sexual sensation. It is essential to discuss the pros and cons of circumcision with a qualified healthcare provider before making a decision. Therefore, it is important to discuss the risks and benefits of circumcision with a qualified healthcare provider before making a decision. In most cases, the benefits of circumcision outweigh the risks, but it is important to be aware of the potential complications.