Published on Dec 28, 2017 and last reviewed on Jan 03, 2020 - 2 min read
Abstract
Topical corticosteroids are the cornerstone therapy for many inflammatory skin conditions. So, the judicious use of topical steroids is necessary. This article discusses the potency, uses, systemic and topical side effects of topical corticosteroids.
Corticosteroids are naturally-occurring or synthetic compounds with cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene ring. The major naturally occurring corticosteroid is cortisol, which is synthesized by the adrenal cortex. The synthetic corticosteroids are of different types and are used to treat various problematic skin conditions.
Once applied to the skin, they are absorbed into the skin surface and thereby reduce the swelling, suppress immunity, and constrict the blood vessels of the skin.
Depending on the severity of the inflammation, following corticosteroids of different potencies can be used.
Topical corticosteroids are primarily used in the treatment of:
Topical corticosteroids are not recommended for use if there is a skin infection, acne, ulcers and open wounds. Abstain from using potent and very potent topical corticosteroids like Clobetasol, Halobetasol, and Betamethasone in children, on the face and neck, in body folds, for prolonged periods or over a large area.
Side effects are more commonly seen in the area of application. They may also be seen systemically (in the body).
For more information consult a skin disorders specialist online --> https://www.icliniq.com/ask-a-doctor-online/dermatologist/skin-disorders
The best corticosteroid creams are,
- Clobetasol propionate 0.05% (Temovate).
- Halobetasol propionate 0.05% (Ultravate cream, ointment, and lotion).
- Diflorasone diacetate 0.05% (Psorcon ointment).
- Betamethasone dipropionate 0.25% (Diprolene ointment and gel).
Topical corticosteroids are an anti-inflammatory preparation available as creams, ointments, and solutions used to control,
- Eczema.
- Dermatitis.
- Other skin conditions.
Corticosteroid creams are not a curative option as it does not have any effect on the underlying cause of inflammation. They are helpful to control skin flare-ups and relieve symptoms, and they often work well. In case of no improvement after a week, then a more potent topical steroid is prescribed.
Hydrocortisone which is a low potency corticosteroid, can be bought over-the-counter and works on the skin by reducing,
- Irritation.
- Itching.
- Inflammation.
- The usage of corticosteroids depends on the affected areas of the skin.
- Using ultra-high-potency topical corticosteroids continuously for more than three weeks is not recommended.
- Using low- to high-potency topical corticosteroids continuously for more than three months can lead to side effects.
Corticosteroids have some side effects, including weight gain. The most common adverse effect of steroid use is weight gain, seen in 70% of patients.
The common side effects of topical corticosteroids are,
- Itching.
- Burning.
- Irritation.
- Redness.
- Dryness.
Topical steroids work by reducing inflammation and redness, suppressing the body's immune system, and stopping the multiplication of cells in the area where it is applied to.
Corticosteroid creams slow the progression of vitiligo with its anti-inflammatory action, and potent formula corticosteroids will help to allow melanocytes to return (vitiligo), and hence dermatologists will closely monitor before prescribing for vitiligo.
Topical corticosteroids have been found to be effective in the mainstay treatment of oral lichen planus. They help by reducing pain and inflammation.
Topical corticosteroids should be applied only on affected areas of the skin by gently smoothing a thin layer. In case of having both topical corticosteroids and emollients, the emollient should be applied first, and after 30 minutes, topical corticosteroids should be applied.
Last reviewed at:
03 Jan 2020 - 2 min read
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