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Why do symptoms remain even after negative HIV tests?

This Premium Q&A, reviewed and published, features a real conversation between an iCliniq user and a physician.

Patient's Query

Hi, Doctor,

After 15 months of unprotected sex, I went for an HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) test called the Comb AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) test, but the result came back negative for both HIV-1 and 2. Again, after three months, I redid the test, but even this time, the result was negative. I was not satisfied, so I went for an ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) test, and again, the results came back negative. I consulted two general physicians, who told me that I do not have HIV. But I am still worried because of the symptoms that I have. I am a male who weighs 136.6 lbs, and I am 6 feet tall.

The symptoms I am having are severe weakness, ulcers in my mouth and tongue, fatigue, pain in my legs while sleeping, itching in the private part, an occasional sore throat, occasional itching and pain in my ears, and black spots on my back. I remember having loose motions after a week of unprotected sex. At that time, the doctor told me that I had food poisoning and that I was alright after taking medicines.

  1. Are these HIV tests done by me reliable?
  2. Was the loose motion caused by HIV?
  3. Is it possible that my immune system was too weak to detect antibodies during my HIV test?
  4. Should I go for another test, such as the PCR RNA (Polymerase Chain Reaction Ribonucleic Acid) test?

Please help me; I am worried. Your kind response will be appreciated.

Thank you.

Hi,

Welcome to icliniq.com.

The test kits used to diagnose HIV are highly sensitive and specific and give accurate results. The majority of the people who are infected with HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) develop antibodies by three months, and even in the rare instances of late seroconversions, they develop HIV antibodies by six months.

You can rely on your HIV screening test results. If there has been no exposure other than that, you do not require any further tests. The symptoms that you mentioned could be due to various reasons and cannot be attributed to HIV. In fact, there are no specific symptoms or signs that can lead to the diagnosis of HIV. As per the above information, you are HIV-negative. Just relax.

I hope your query is answered, but if you have any other queries, please do not hesitate to ask or call anytime.

Best wishes.

Patient's Query

Hi, Doctor,

I have some more questions. Please reply. I used to pee frequently, and it produced a foul smell. It makes me feel that I may be HIV positive. I am taking a medicine called Amroid, which I think is a herbal or ayurvedic product, to cure my piles problem. I hear that when HIV becomes AIDS, the HIV antibody test result is negative. So, I am wondering if I may be at the AIDS stage. Honestly, I have no high-risk exposure after the unprotected sex dating 15 to 16 months back.

  1. Is there any chance that the mentioned medicine would have made my HIV test false negative?
  2. Are Comb AIDS tests and ELISA negative after 15 to 16 months of unprotected sex?
  3. Is it too late to detect antibodies?
  4. As you have assured me that there is no need for further testing, what do you think about the PCR RNA test?
  5. Should I go for that test, or do I not need to do that?

I might be confusing you through my long statements, but I really need your help. I am very worried. I would be grateful if you would take a serious look at my case and give me a detailed reply.

Thank you.

Hello,

Welcome back to icliniq.com.

Let me answer your question step by step: For urinary complaints, I suggest you get a routine urine examination, urine culture, and sensitivity tests done. It is unlikely that intake of medicines will affect HIV-antibody test results. The COMBAIDS (Comb AIDS) test is a highly sensitive and specific test. It can be taken even at four weeks of exposure. A negative test result at 15 to 16 months suggests that there was probably no exposure to HIV. It is the sufficient time in which, if exposed to HIV, the body will mount a detectable antibody response.

Since there was no exposure to the virus, the test is negative. Also, note that not all exposures will lead to HIV. The risk is 5 in 10,000 exposures to insertive vaginal sex. The advanced stage of HIV with immune suppression usually occurs after 5 to 10 years of infection and not a few days or months.

As per the recommendations, an HIV antibody test is sufficient for screening. Please relax and accept your HIV-negative test. Certain instances do happen, but now you have sufficient evidence of your negative HIV status. Move on. Take precautions in the future.

I hope this helps.

I hope I have answered your questions, but you are welcome to ask or call for any further questions.

Patient's Query

Hi, doctor,

I have a few more questions.

  1. Which generation is the Comb AIDS test?
  2. Is it the third or fourth generation?
  3. What about doctors suggesting a PCR RNA test?

A doctor told me that it is safe to say that I am HIV-negative, but if I want to be sure, then I had better go for a PCR RNA test. I got alarmed by that. But I also heard from other sources that a PCR RNA test is not required after six months of possible exposure. What do you say about this issue?

I am physically a weak person, so is there any chance that my body did not produce any antibodies to detect HIV during the Comb AIDS and ELISA tests? I am not very sure about the last exposure, but I am sure that the maximum time passed is 18 months.

Then what is the cause of my problems, such as ulcers in the mouth, throat pain, itch pain in my ears, black and red spots on my back, itching on the private part, pungent smell of urine, and extreme fatigue, waking up suddenly at night while sleeping? I have never experienced extreme fatigue like this before.

Would you please give the patient a reading and reply?

Thank you.

Hi,

Welcome back to icliniq.com.

The answers to your queries are

Whatever generation test you did, you have been found negative after 15 months of exposure, so there is no need to worry. The comb AIDS test detects HIV-1 and HIV-2 antibodies. HIV RNA PCR is not recommended for routine HIV screening. Rarely are false-positive test responses seen, and they are not designed for screening purposes. It has a role in the routine monitoring of HIV-infected persons.

These symptoms could be due to various reasons and can occur otherwise. It cannot be attributed to HIV alone. Get a general physical evaluation and routine hemogram, LFT (liver function test), RFT (renal function test), urine routine examination, and culture sensitivity.

Best wishes.

Medically reviewed byiCliniq medical review team

Published At November 24, 2017
Reviewed AtJuly 1, 2025

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