Do ELISA, CMIA, ECLIA, and RNA PCR need retesting for conclusive results?

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A 12-week screening test for HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) antibodies is considered conclusive, and a CMIA (chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay) fourth generation test at 59 days of exposure with a window period of two to three weeks is very reliable, but it is not considered conclusive. Similarly, a third generation ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) at 30 days and RNA (ribonucleic acid) by PCR (polymerase chain reaction) for HIV with a window period of 9 to 13 days at 31 days are reliable, and a negative result means that most likely you are HIV negative. Again these cannot be considered conclusive and should be followed up at 12 weeks for HIV antibodies by ELISA. To summarise, a third-generation ELISA, an HIV antibody-based screening test, at 12 weeks post-exposure is the most reliable and conclusive test.

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A negative ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) at three months is conclusive. A six-month test is considered conclusive only in special circumstances if patients are on immunosuppressives like organ transplant patients or on oral steroids. This is not the case in an otherwise healthy individual.

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Yes, certainly, a fourth-generation test result is considered more reliable after 45 days than performed immediately after the exposure. Comparatively, a third-generation HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) antibody test at 90 days is even more reliable, and the result is considered conclusive.

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It is very unlikely. I have never seen someone turn positive so late.

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Though at six weeks, a fourth generation test accurately depicts the HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) status in most cases, in high-risk exposure cases, it should always be followed by a 12-week HIV antibody screening test. That is the most conclusive. This is because the antibody response may be delayed in a small number of HIV-infected individuals, and the p24 antigen response may be weak or decline quickly before antibodies form.

A window period of a screening test is the time period from the day of infection until it first becomes detectable by that test. HIV cannot be detected immediately after infection. This time period between the onset of infection to when it can be first reliably detected (window period) varies from test to test. So, if the window period of a particular test is two to three weeks, it means that this test is not reliable during the first two to three weeks after infection. Thereafter, it can reliably detect the infection. The window period is two to three weeks for a fourth-generation HIV combo test and longer, up to 12 weeks for a third-generation antibody test.

A 12-week test is the gold standard screening test and the most accurate. Tests with a shorter window period, that is, two to three weeks for a fourth generation and nine to 13 days for RNA (ribonucleic acid) by PCR (polymerase chain reaction), are reliable, and they can be performed sooner. They should always be followed by a 12-week screening test for HIV antibodies.

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You cannot rely on others' test results. What if she was in the window period?

Her test would be negative even if she was HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) infected. Your chances of getting the infection are minimal because all your HIV screening tests until now are negative.

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Your chances are negligible.

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A three months test is considered conclusive.

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Chance of a male getting HIV from a unprotected intercourse with an infected female are about 1 in 2500.

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Immunodeficient individuals have a history of recurrent infections - bacterial, fungal, viral, etc.

Yes, at 12 weeks. Your chances are negligible because your earlier screening tests are negative. A 12-week test would be like putting a stamp on it.

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You are most welcome. Please revert back if you have any further queries.

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90 days or three months, or roughly 12 weeks. Any would do. Both are taken as conclusive.

Rest all are reliable but not final. They should be followed up by a 90-day or 12 weeks screening to put an end to it.

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It is conclusive at three months. Please do not believe everything that is written on the internet. There is a lot of misleading information.

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Yes that is correct.

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I am sure your HIV result will be non reactive after three months too. So relax.

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Yes that is correct.

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I suggest you use a moisturizer- Xerina cream (Glycolic acid). Dryness is otherwise very common and is not a reason to suspect HIV

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I understand your concern.

Sore throat is likely to be due to a normal viral flu rather than HIV. The RNA test is reliable but not conclusive. It should be followed up by a 12 week HIV antibody screening test

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