Disc Herniation

Disc herniation occurs due to displacement of disc beyond the intervertebral disc space. It often occurs due to trauma, connective tissue disorders, and congenital disorders. It occurs commonly in the lumbar spine, followed by the cervical spine. Repetitive mechanical activities like twisting and bending can cause it. A sedentary lifestyle, poor posture, and obesity can also cause it. The symptoms are severe back pain, inability to walk, loss of bladder control, and muscle spasms. It is treated by taking pain-relieving medications (NSAIDs) and physiotherapy. Benzodiazepines are taken in low doses. In severe cases, surgery is required.